FORCE AND DEFORMATION MODELING OF THE FLAPPING WING: CALLIPHORA VICINA

Abstract

There is a description since several decades ago those insects have evolved that an extra lift is obtained due to the rotational and translational mechanism especially during stroke reversals. Nonetheless, this issue is strongly depending on the consequences of the wing stroke kinematics prescribed. Another issue to be concerned is the inertial force created due to the rapid acceleration or deceleration by its own distributed mass. Most people found that the force exerted to the insect’s wing mostly comes from the inertial force but no one has been able to list down all the reacted forces including aerodynamic force, Magnus force and added mass effect. Subsequently, a simulation model will be made to integrate all the relevant forces in term of magnitude and direction to find a clean single force named as a resultant force. Several years ago, majority of the wing deformation analysis discussed are base on the certain forces and none of them analyze it by considering all the forces which possibly involved. Therefore, the deformation characteristics will be calculated based on the elemental stiffness data depends on the pattern of supporting three dimensional insect's wing architecture that will be subjected to all the forces which perhaps involved. The resultant force will be accurately dispersed in spanwise direction according to chord length and the wing mass distribution in order to obtain an accurate wing deformation characteristic depending on local wing’s flexural stiffness.