INFLUENCE OF MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNTs) CONTENT ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM-HYDROXYAPATITE (Ti-HA) COMPOSITE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jm.v48.596Keywords:
Titanium, bone implant, MWCNTs, hydroxyapatite, agglomerationAbstract
Despite the promising properties of titanium-hydroxyapatite (Ti-HA) composites in biomedical applications, their mechanical performance needs further enhancement. The incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been proposed to improve these properties, however, their tendency to agglomerate at higher concentrations may negatively impact the composite’s performance. Ti-HA was successfully reinforced with MWCNTs using a process involving mechanical alloying, powder metallurgy, compaction, and sintering. This study investigated the effect of MWCNTs content, specifically 5 and 10 wt.%, on the morphological and mechanical properties of Ti-HA-MWCNTs composite. Every composition was evaluated for its compressive strength and Young’s modulus. The values obtained for 5 wt.% were 176.39 MPa and 66.82 GPa, respectively. For 10 wt.%, the values were 61.50 MPa and 23.05 GPa. The porosity values were determined to be 15.19% for 5 wt.% and 26.02% for 10 wt.%. The decline observed with the addition of 10 wt.% MWCNTs was associated with the MWCNTs agglomeration within the Ti-HA matrix, and the weak interfacial bonding between them. Additionally, the density measurements yielded 3.40 g/cm³ for 5 wt.% and 2.76 g/cm³ for 10 wt.%. These findings emphasise the importance of optimising dispersion techniques and improving interfacial bonding strategies in order to fully utilise MWCNTs’ reinforcing potential in Ti-HA composites.
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